While Daniel 11 begins with the kings of the 2nd Kingdom, Persia, it ends with the beginnings of the 4th, Rome.
In 31 BC, Mark Antony, the King of the South in vv40-43 was defeated by the soon to be first Roman Emperor, Octavius, who would be known hence as ‘Caesar Augustus’. vv40-43 describe the battle of Actium, in which a large naval battle proved decisive against Mark Antony in his alliance with Egypt, and made Rome the sole ruler over the known world.
This piece demonstrates the fulfillment of vv40-43 in beginning of Rome, thus placing the beginning of Daniel 12, and the time of unparallelled trouble therein in the time of the beginning of the Roman rule.
